A metal free nanosensor based on nanocellulose-polypyrrole matrix and single-walled carbon nanotube: Experimental study and electroanalytical application for determination of paracetamol and ciprofloxacin

• Main Authors: Shalauddin, Md, Akhter, Shamima, Wan Jeffrey, Basirun, Sanghiran Lee, Vannajan, Johan, Mohammad Rafie
• Format: Article
• Published: Elsevier 2022
• Subjects: QD Chemistry
• Online Access: http://eprints.um.edu.my/43506/

In the present work, a highly selective and metal-free electrochemical sensor was fabricated from the fusion of nanocellulose and polypyrrole (NNC-PPY), incorporated with single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) via drop-casting method for the simultaneous determination of paracetamol (PCM) and ciprofloxacin (CPR). The screen printed electrode (SPE) modified with NNC-PPY/SWCNTs shows outstanding electrocatalytic performance towards the redox reaction of PCM and oxidation of CPR. The nanocomposite was investigated by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential thermal analysis (DTA) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis, while the electrochemical performances were investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV), square-wave voltammetry (SWV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The molecular interactions and binding energy of the prepared NNC-PPY/SWCNTs nanocomposite with PCM and CPR were studied by molecular dynamic simulation (MDs). The fabricated NNC-PPY/SWCNTs/SPE sensor showed dynamic linear range of 0.05–40.0 µM and 1–50 µM for PCM and CPR and a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.072 nM and 0.196 nM, with high sensitivity of 50.341 µA µM−1 cm−2 and 18.610 µA µM−1 cm−2, for PCM and CPR respectively. Furthermore, this fabricated sensor was implemented successfully for the simultaneous determination of PCM and CPR from water samples, biological fluids and pharmaceutical preparations. © 2022 Elsevier B.V.