Host immune response against DENV and ZIKV infections
Dengue is a major public health concern, affecting almost 400 million people worldwide, with about 70% of the global burden of disease in Asia. Despite revised clinical classifications of dengue infections by the World Health Organization, the wide spectrum of the manifestations of dengue illness co...
Saved in:
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Published: |
Frontiers Media SA
2022
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://eprints.um.edu.my/41110/ |
Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
id |
my.um.eprints.41110 |
---|---|
record_format |
eprints |
spelling |
my.um.eprints.411102023-09-06T06:44:54Z http://eprints.um.edu.my/41110/ Host immune response against DENV and ZIKV infections Sekaran, Shamala Devi Ismail, Amni Adilah Thergarajan, Gaythri Chandramathi, Samudi Abdul Rahman, Sharifah Khadijiah Alhabshi Syed Mani, Ravishankar Ram Jusof, Felicita Fedelis Lim, Yvonne Ai Lian Manikam, Rishya R Medicine Dengue is a major public health concern, affecting almost 400 million people worldwide, with about 70% of the global burden of disease in Asia. Despite revised clinical classifications of dengue infections by the World Health Organization, the wide spectrum of the manifestations of dengue illness continues to pose challenges in diagnosis and patient management for clinicians. When the Zika epidemic spread through the American continent and then later to Africa and Asia in 2015, researchers compared the characteristics of the Zika infection to Dengue, considering both these viruses were transmitted primarily through the same vector, the Aedes aegypti female mosquitoes. An important difference to note, however, was that the Zika epidemic diffused in a shorter time span compared to the persisting feature of Dengue infections, which is endemic in many Asian countries. As the pathogenesis of viral illnesses is affected by host immune responses, various immune modulators have been proposed as biomarkers to predict the risk of the disease progression to a severe form, at a much earlier stage of the illness. However, the findings for most biomarkers are highly discrepant between studies. Meanwhile, the cross-reactivity of CD8+ and CD4+ T cells response to Dengue and Zika viruses provide important clues for further development of potential treatments. This review discusses similarities between Dengue and Zika infections, comparing their disease transmissions and vectors involved, and both the innate and adaptive immune responses in these infections. Consideration of the genetic identity of both the Dengue and Zika flaviviruses as well as the cross-reactivity of relevant T cells along with the actions of CD4+ cytotoxic cells in these infections are also presented. Finally, a summary of the immune biomarkers that have been reported for dengue and Zika viral infections are discussed which may be useful indicators for future anti-viral targets or predictors for disease severity. Together, this information appraises the current understanding of both Zika and Dengue infections, providing insights for future vaccine design approaches against both viruses. Frontiers Media SA 2022-09 Article PeerReviewed Sekaran, Shamala Devi and Ismail, Amni Adilah and Thergarajan, Gaythri and Chandramathi, Samudi and Abdul Rahman, Sharifah Khadijiah Alhabshi Syed and Mani, Ravishankar Ram and Jusof, Felicita Fedelis and Lim, Yvonne Ai Lian and Manikam, Rishya (2022) Host immune response against DENV and ZIKV infections. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, 12. ISSN 2235-2988, DOI https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2022.975222 <https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2022.975222>. 10.3389/fcimb.2022.975222 |
institution |
Universiti Malaya |
building |
UM Library |
collection |
Institutional Repository |
continent |
Asia |
country |
Malaysia |
content_provider |
Universiti Malaya |
content_source |
UM Research Repository |
url_provider |
http://eprints.um.edu.my/ |
topic |
R Medicine |
spellingShingle |
R Medicine Sekaran, Shamala Devi Ismail, Amni Adilah Thergarajan, Gaythri Chandramathi, Samudi Abdul Rahman, Sharifah Khadijiah Alhabshi Syed Mani, Ravishankar Ram Jusof, Felicita Fedelis Lim, Yvonne Ai Lian Manikam, Rishya Host immune response against DENV and ZIKV infections |
description |
Dengue is a major public health concern, affecting almost 400 million people worldwide, with about 70% of the global burden of disease in Asia. Despite revised clinical classifications of dengue infections by the World Health Organization, the wide spectrum of the manifestations of dengue illness continues to pose challenges in diagnosis and patient management for clinicians. When the Zika epidemic spread through the American continent and then later to Africa and Asia in 2015, researchers compared the characteristics of the Zika infection to Dengue, considering both these viruses were transmitted primarily through the same vector, the Aedes aegypti female mosquitoes. An important difference to note, however, was that the Zika epidemic diffused in a shorter time span compared to the persisting feature of Dengue infections, which is endemic in many Asian countries. As the pathogenesis of viral illnesses is affected by host immune responses, various immune modulators have been proposed as biomarkers to predict the risk of the disease progression to a severe form, at a much earlier stage of the illness. However, the findings for most biomarkers are highly discrepant between studies. Meanwhile, the cross-reactivity of CD8+ and CD4+ T cells response to Dengue and Zika viruses provide important clues for further development of potential treatments. This review discusses similarities between Dengue and Zika infections, comparing their disease transmissions and vectors involved, and both the innate and adaptive immune responses in these infections. Consideration of the genetic identity of both the Dengue and Zika flaviviruses as well as the cross-reactivity of relevant T cells along with the actions of CD4+ cytotoxic cells in these infections are also presented. Finally, a summary of the immune biomarkers that have been reported for dengue and Zika viral infections are discussed which may be useful indicators for future anti-viral targets or predictors for disease severity. Together, this information appraises the current understanding of both Zika and Dengue infections, providing insights for future vaccine design approaches against both viruses. |
format |
Article |
author |
Sekaran, Shamala Devi Ismail, Amni Adilah Thergarajan, Gaythri Chandramathi, Samudi Abdul Rahman, Sharifah Khadijiah Alhabshi Syed Mani, Ravishankar Ram Jusof, Felicita Fedelis Lim, Yvonne Ai Lian Manikam, Rishya |
author_facet |
Sekaran, Shamala Devi Ismail, Amni Adilah Thergarajan, Gaythri Chandramathi, Samudi Abdul Rahman, Sharifah Khadijiah Alhabshi Syed Mani, Ravishankar Ram Jusof, Felicita Fedelis Lim, Yvonne Ai Lian Manikam, Rishya |
author_sort |
Sekaran, Shamala Devi |
title |
Host immune response against DENV and ZIKV infections |
title_short |
Host immune response against DENV and ZIKV infections |
title_full |
Host immune response against DENV and ZIKV infections |
title_fullStr |
Host immune response against DENV and ZIKV infections |
title_full_unstemmed |
Host immune response against DENV and ZIKV infections |
title_sort |
host immune response against denv and zikv infections |
publisher |
Frontiers Media SA |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://eprints.um.edu.my/41110/ |
_version_ |
1778161627168768000 |
score |
13.159267 |