Engine oil enhanced performance with hybrid graphene-SWCNT nanomaterials over a Riga curvy surface

• Main Authors: Ghani, Siti Nur Ainsyah, Ul-Haq, Rizwan, Noor, Noor Fadiya Mohd
• Format: Article
• Published: Elsevier 2023
• Subjects: QC Physics
• Online Access: http://eprints.um.edu.my/38422/

Hybrid graphene nanomaterials and single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) saturated in a steady laminar viscous incompressible engine oil over a permeable and stretchable curvy Riga surface are focussed in the present study. The effects of nanoparticle shape factor, nanoparticle volume fraction and thermal radiation towards the non-Newtonian flow are considered. The proposed partial differential governing equations are initially transformed into non-linear ODEs aided with similarity expressions. Subsequently, the numerical MATLAB's bvp4c package is uti-lized to solve the equations. Then, the parameters' influences on dimensionless velocity and temperature distributions, reduced skin friction coefficient and reduced Nusselt number are presented tabularly and graphically. Hybrid graphene-SWCNTs/engine oil has the least velocity, yet the greatest temperature profile when phi 1 = 0.04 and phi 2 = 0.02 are considered. It is also observed that the heat transfer performance enhances as the values of nanoparticle shape factor and thermal radiation increase. The lamina-shape nanomaterials are highly recommended to elevate the heat transfer performance of hybrid graphene-SWCNTs/engine oil for realistic ap-plications. The present hybrid nanofluid flow with consideration of thermal radiation and nanoparticle shape factor allows enhancement in the heat and mass transfer for various engi-neering, technological and industrial operations especially in the design of submarines, thermal reactors and micro-coolers.