Hydrothermal synthesis of carbon microspheres from sucrose with citric acid as a catalyst: Physicochemical and structural properties

• Main Authors: Sulistya, Erick, Hui-Hui, Lim, Attenborough, Nicole K., Pourshahrestani, Sara, Kadri, Nahrizul Adib, Zeimaran, Ehsan, bin Abd Razak, Nasrul Anuar, Amini Horri, Bahman, Salamatinia, Babak
• Format: Article
• Published: Taylor & Francis Ltd 2020
• Subjects: Q Science (General); T Technology (General)
• Online Access: http://eprints.um.edu.my/31673/

The production of size-tunable Carbon microspheres (CMSs) from cheaply available materials using an environmentally friendly technique is highly appreciated. In this study, size-tunable CMSs were hydrothermally synthesized at 190 degrees C using sucrose as carbon source, and citric acid as a catalyst. The effect of varying citric acid concentration on the size of the microspheres was investigated. Results indicated that under similar hydrothermal conditions, variation in the concentration of citric acid between 0 and 5 wt.% increased the size of CMSs ranging from 3.12 to 11.2 mu m, as evidenced by SEM and particle size analyzer. TGA confirmed the purity of the carbonaceous particles in a single-step degradation with the presence of D-band and G-band in Raman spectra. FTIR and elemental analyzer confirmed the presence of hydrophilic oxygen functionalities such as -OH, -C=O, and COOH on the surface of CMSs. This study opens a novel and straightforward approach to produce size-tunable CMSs with functional groups.