Influence of Crosslinking Density on Antioxidant Nanocellulose in Bio-degradation and Mechanical Properties of Nitrile Rubber Composites
Nanocellulose antioxidant (Aox-NCC) was used as reinforcement and crosslinking agent in nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) composites. The crosslinking density and volume of rubber bonded in the matrix were increased up to 3 phr and no significant improvement between 4 phr and 5 phr was recorded. The in...
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my.um.eprints.233442020-01-08T06:05:09Z http://eprints.um.edu.my/23344/ Influence of Crosslinking Density on Antioxidant Nanocellulose in Bio-degradation and Mechanical Properties of Nitrile Rubber Composites Taib, Mohamad Nurul Azman Mohammad Yehye, Wageeh Abdulhadi Julkapli, Nurhidayatullaili Muhd Q Science (General) QD Chemistry TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) Nanocellulose antioxidant (Aox-NCC) was used as reinforcement and crosslinking agent in nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) composites. The crosslinking density and volume of rubber bonded in the matrix were increased up to 3 phr and no significant improvement between 4 phr and 5 phr was recorded. The interactions of gallic acid and NCC was found to occur between the -OH and -COOH groups, as revealed by Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) analysis. Crystallinity index of Aox-NCC was increased more than 11 %, recorded by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Meanwhile, the thermal stability of Aox-NCC was increased 30°C, analyzed by thermogravimetry (TG). With the addition of 3 phr Aox-NCC, tensile strength and modulus at 500 % for NBR composites were increased significantly up to 20 %. There was no significant improvement on modulus at 100 %, modulus at 300 %, elongation at break and tear strength. The degradability of NBR composites within 6 months period was improved significantly at 5 phr of Aox- NCC. Increase in carbonyl group after soil burial test with the existence of cracks, voids and degradable parts of NBR composites were revealed. This demonstrated that, Aox-NCC plays a secure function to reinforce NBR composites. © 2019, The Korean Fiber Society, The Korea Science and Technology Center. Springer Verlag 2019 Article PeerReviewed Taib, Mohamad Nurul Azman Mohammad and Yehye, Wageeh Abdulhadi and Julkapli, Nurhidayatullaili Muhd (2019) Influence of Crosslinking Density on Antioxidant Nanocellulose in Bio-degradation and Mechanical Properties of Nitrile Rubber Composites. Fibers and Polymers, 20 (1). pp. 165-176. ISSN 1229-9197 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12221-019-8575-y doi:10.1007/s12221-019-8575-y |
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Q Science (General) QD Chemistry TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) Taib, Mohamad Nurul Azman Mohammad Yehye, Wageeh Abdulhadi Julkapli, Nurhidayatullaili Muhd Influence of Crosslinking Density on Antioxidant Nanocellulose in Bio-degradation and Mechanical Properties of Nitrile Rubber Composites |
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Nanocellulose antioxidant (Aox-NCC) was used as reinforcement and crosslinking agent in nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) composites. The crosslinking density and volume of rubber bonded in the matrix were increased up to 3 phr and no significant improvement between 4 phr and 5 phr was recorded. The interactions of gallic acid and NCC was found to occur between the -OH and -COOH groups, as revealed by Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) analysis. Crystallinity index of Aox-NCC was increased more than 11 %, recorded by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Meanwhile, the thermal stability of Aox-NCC was increased 30°C, analyzed by thermogravimetry (TG). With the addition of 3 phr Aox-NCC, tensile strength and modulus at 500 % for NBR composites were increased significantly up to 20 %. There was no significant improvement on modulus at 100 %, modulus at 300 %, elongation at break and tear strength. The degradability of NBR composites within 6 months period was improved significantly at 5 phr of Aox- NCC. Increase in carbonyl group after soil burial test with the existence of cracks, voids and degradable parts of NBR composites were revealed. This demonstrated that, Aox-NCC plays a secure function to reinforce NBR composites. © 2019, The Korean Fiber Society, The Korea Science and Technology Center. |
format |
Article |
author |
Taib, Mohamad Nurul Azman Mohammad Yehye, Wageeh Abdulhadi Julkapli, Nurhidayatullaili Muhd |
author_facet |
Taib, Mohamad Nurul Azman Mohammad Yehye, Wageeh Abdulhadi Julkapli, Nurhidayatullaili Muhd |
author_sort |
Taib, Mohamad Nurul Azman Mohammad |
title |
Influence of Crosslinking Density on Antioxidant Nanocellulose in Bio-degradation and Mechanical Properties of Nitrile Rubber Composites |
title_short |
Influence of Crosslinking Density on Antioxidant Nanocellulose in Bio-degradation and Mechanical Properties of Nitrile Rubber Composites |
title_full |
Influence of Crosslinking Density on Antioxidant Nanocellulose in Bio-degradation and Mechanical Properties of Nitrile Rubber Composites |
title_fullStr |
Influence of Crosslinking Density on Antioxidant Nanocellulose in Bio-degradation and Mechanical Properties of Nitrile Rubber Composites |
title_full_unstemmed |
Influence of Crosslinking Density on Antioxidant Nanocellulose in Bio-degradation and Mechanical Properties of Nitrile Rubber Composites |
title_sort |
influence of crosslinking density on antioxidant nanocellulose in bio-degradation and mechanical properties of nitrile rubber composites |
publisher |
Springer Verlag |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
http://eprints.um.edu.my/23344/ https://doi.org/10.1007/s12221-019-8575-y |
_version_ |
1657488195845095424 |
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13.160551 |