A multiwall path-loss prediction model using 433 mhz LoRa-WAN frequency to characterize Foliage’s influence in a Malaysian palm oil plantation environment
Palm oil is the main cash crop of tropical Asia, and the implementation of LPWAN (lowpower wide-area network) technologies for smart agriculture applications in palm oil plantations will benefit the palm oil industry in terms of making more revenue. This research attempts to characterize the LoRa 43...
Saved in:
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
2022
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://irep.iium.edu.my/98862/7/98862_A%20multiwall%20path-loss%20prediction%20model%20using%20433%20mhz.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/98862/ https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/14/5397/pdf?version=1658280500 https://doi.org/10.3390/s22145397 |
Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
id |
my.iium.irep.98862 |
---|---|
record_format |
dspace |
spelling |
my.iium.irep.988622022-07-20T08:31:29Z http://irep.iium.edu.my/98862/ A multiwall path-loss prediction model using 433 mhz LoRa-WAN frequency to characterize Foliage’s influence in a Malaysian palm oil plantation environment Anzum, Rabeya Habaebi, Mohamed Hadi Islam, Md. Rafiqul Hakim, Galang P. N. Khandaker, Mayeen Uddin Osman, Hamid Alamri, Sultan AbdElrahim, Elrashed TK5101 Telecommunication. Including telegraphy, radio, radar, television Palm oil is the main cash crop of tropical Asia, and the implementation of LPWAN (lowpower wide-area network) technologies for smart agriculture applications in palm oil plantations will benefit the palm oil industry in terms of making more revenue. This research attempts to characterize the LoRa 433 MHz frequency channels for the available spreading factors (SF7-SF12) and bandwidths (125 kHz, 250 kHz, and 500 kHz) for wireless sensor networks. The LoRa channel modeling in terms of path-loss calculation uses empirical measurements of RSS (received signal strength) in a palm oil plantation located in Selangor, Malaysia. In this research, about 1500 LoS (line-of-sight) and 300 NLoS (non-line-of-sight) propagation measurement data are collected for path-loss prediction modeling. Using the empirical data, a prediction model is constructed. The path-loss exponent for LoS propagation of the proposed prediction model is found to be 2.34 and 2.9 for 125–250 kHz bandwidth and 500 kHz bandwidth, respectively. Again, for the NLoS propagation links, the attenuation per trunk is found to be 7.58 dB, 7.04 dB, 5.35 dB, 5.02 dB, 5.01 dB, and 5 dB for SF7-SF12, and the attenuation per canopy is found to be 9.32 dB, 7.96 dB, 6.2 dB, 5.89 dB, 5.79 dB, and 5.45 dB for SF7-SF12. Moreover, the prediction model is found to be the better choice (mean RMSE 2.74 dB) in comparison to the empirical foliage loss models (Weissberger’s and ITU-R) to predict the path loss in palm oil plantations. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI) 2022-07-20 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/98862/7/98862_A%20multiwall%20path-loss%20prediction%20model%20using%20433%20mhz.pdf Anzum, Rabeya and Habaebi, Mohamed Hadi and Islam, Md. Rafiqul and Hakim, Galang P. N. and Khandaker, Mayeen Uddin and Osman, Hamid and Alamri, Sultan and AbdElrahim, Elrashed (2022) A multiwall path-loss prediction model using 433 mhz LoRa-WAN frequency to characterize Foliage’s influence in a Malaysian palm oil plantation environment. Sensors, 22 (14). pp. 1-17. ISSN 1424-3210 E-ISSN 1424-8220 https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/14/5397/pdf?version=1658280500 https://doi.org/10.3390/s22145397 |
institution |
Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Malaysia |
building |
IIUM Library |
collection |
Institutional Repository |
continent |
Asia |
country |
Malaysia |
content_provider |
International Islamic University Malaysia |
content_source |
IIUM Repository (IREP) |
url_provider |
http://irep.iium.edu.my/ |
language |
English |
topic |
TK5101 Telecommunication. Including telegraphy, radio, radar, television |
spellingShingle |
TK5101 Telecommunication. Including telegraphy, radio, radar, television Anzum, Rabeya Habaebi, Mohamed Hadi Islam, Md. Rafiqul Hakim, Galang P. N. Khandaker, Mayeen Uddin Osman, Hamid Alamri, Sultan AbdElrahim, Elrashed A multiwall path-loss prediction model using 433 mhz LoRa-WAN frequency to characterize Foliage’s influence in a Malaysian palm oil plantation environment |
description |
Palm oil is the main cash crop of tropical Asia, and the implementation of LPWAN (lowpower wide-area network) technologies for smart agriculture applications in palm oil plantations will benefit the palm oil industry in terms of making more revenue. This research attempts to characterize the LoRa 433 MHz frequency channels for the available spreading factors (SF7-SF12) and bandwidths (125 kHz, 250 kHz, and 500 kHz) for wireless sensor networks. The LoRa channel modeling in terms of path-loss calculation uses empirical measurements of RSS (received signal strength) in a palm oil plantation located in Selangor, Malaysia. In this research, about 1500 LoS (line-of-sight) and 300 NLoS (non-line-of-sight) propagation measurement data are collected for path-loss prediction modeling. Using the empirical data, a prediction model is constructed. The path-loss exponent for LoS propagation of the proposed prediction model is found to be 2.34 and 2.9 for 125–250 kHz bandwidth and 500 kHz bandwidth, respectively. Again, for the NLoS propagation links, the attenuation per trunk is found to be 7.58 dB, 7.04 dB, 5.35 dB, 5.02 dB, 5.01 dB, and 5 dB for
SF7-SF12, and the attenuation per canopy is found to be 9.32 dB, 7.96 dB, 6.2 dB, 5.89 dB, 5.79 dB, and 5.45 dB for SF7-SF12. Moreover, the prediction model is found to be the better choice (mean RMSE 2.74 dB) in comparison to the empirical foliage loss models (Weissberger’s and ITU-R) to predict the path loss in palm oil plantations. |
format |
Article |
author |
Anzum, Rabeya Habaebi, Mohamed Hadi Islam, Md. Rafiqul Hakim, Galang P. N. Khandaker, Mayeen Uddin Osman, Hamid Alamri, Sultan AbdElrahim, Elrashed |
author_facet |
Anzum, Rabeya Habaebi, Mohamed Hadi Islam, Md. Rafiqul Hakim, Galang P. N. Khandaker, Mayeen Uddin Osman, Hamid Alamri, Sultan AbdElrahim, Elrashed |
author_sort |
Anzum, Rabeya |
title |
A multiwall path-loss prediction model using 433 mhz LoRa-WAN frequency to characterize Foliage’s influence in a Malaysian palm oil plantation environment |
title_short |
A multiwall path-loss prediction model using 433 mhz LoRa-WAN frequency to characterize Foliage’s influence in a Malaysian palm oil plantation environment |
title_full |
A multiwall path-loss prediction model using 433 mhz LoRa-WAN frequency to characterize Foliage’s influence in a Malaysian palm oil plantation environment |
title_fullStr |
A multiwall path-loss prediction model using 433 mhz LoRa-WAN frequency to characterize Foliage’s influence in a Malaysian palm oil plantation environment |
title_full_unstemmed |
A multiwall path-loss prediction model using 433 mhz LoRa-WAN frequency to characterize Foliage’s influence in a Malaysian palm oil plantation environment |
title_sort |
multiwall path-loss prediction model using 433 mhz lora-wan frequency to characterize foliage’s influence in a malaysian palm oil plantation environment |
publisher |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI) |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://irep.iium.edu.my/98862/7/98862_A%20multiwall%20path-loss%20prediction%20model%20using%20433%20mhz.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/98862/ https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/14/5397/pdf?version=1658280500 https://doi.org/10.3390/s22145397 |
_version_ |
1739827886743879680 |
score |
13.18916 |