Bitter gourd honey ameliorates hepatic and renal diabetic complications on type 2 diabetes rat models by antioxidant, anti-Inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic mechanisms
Abstract: Honey has several pharmacological effects, including anti-diabetic activity. However, the effectiveness of bitter gourd honey (BGH) in the treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM) is unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic propert...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English English |
| Published: |
MDPI Publication
2021
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://irep.iium.edu.my/94344/1/94344_Bitter%20gourd%20honey%20ameliorates%20hepatic.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/94344/7/94344_Bitter%20gourd%20honey%20ameliorates%20hepatic_Scopus.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/94344/ https://www.mdpi.com/journal/foods |
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| Summary: | Abstract: Honey has several pharmacological effects, including anti-diabetic activity. However, the
effectiveness of bitter gourd honey (BGH) in the treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM) is unknown. The
aim of this study was to determine the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties
of BGH on the kidney and liver of a streptozotocin-induced diabetes rat model. Methods: A single
dose (nicotinamide 110 mg/kg, streptozotocin (STZ) 55 mg/kg, intraperitoneal (i.p.)) was used
to induce DM in male rats. For 28 days, normal or diabetic rats were administered 1 g/kg/day
and 2 g/kg/day of BGH orally. After the treatment, blood, liver, and kidney samples were collected
and analysed for biochemical, histological, and molecular parameters. In addition, liquid
chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was used to identify the major bioactive components in
BGH. Results: The administration of BGH to diabetic rats resulted in significant reductions in alanine
transaminase (ALT),aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatinine, and urea levels. Diabetic rats
treated with BGH showed lesser pathophysiological alterations in the liver and kidney as compared
to non-treated control rats. BGH-treated diabetic rats exhibited reduced levels of oxidative stress
(MDA levels), inflammatory (MYD88, NFKB, p-NFKB, IKK�), and apoptotic (caspase-3) markers,
as well as higher levels of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, and GPx) in the liver and kidney. BGH
contains many bioactive compounds that may have antioxidative stress, anti-inflammatory, and
anti-apoptotic effects. Conclusion: BGH protected the liver and kidney in diabetic rats by reducing
oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis-induced damage. As a result, BGH can be used as a
potential therapy to ameliorate diabetic complications. |
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