The application of Phycoremediation to remediate shrimp aquaculture effluent

• Main Authors: Mohd Hatta, Farah Ayuni, Othman, Rashidi, Ramya, Razanah, Wan Sulaiman, Wan Syibrah Hanisah, Mohd Latif, Nur Hanie, Mat Ali, Qurratu Aini
• Format: Book Chapter
• Language: English
• Published: Nova Science Publishers, Inc 2021
• Subjects: GE Environmental Sciences; SH389 Fisheries-Algae and Algae Culture; TD172 Environmental pollution; TP248.13 Biotechnology
• Online Access: http://irep.iium.edu.my/94252/1/94252_The%20Application%20of%20Phycoremediation.pdf; http://irep.iium.edu.my/94252/; https://novapublishers.com/shop/advances-in-environmental-research-volume-83/

Mangroves are an essential ecosystem as they are very beneficial to the people inhabiting the coastal regions. They play a vital role in aquaculture, agriculture, provide materials for construction activities, prevent coastal erosion, capture a lot of carbon dioxide emission and harmful greenhouse gases. However, in the past few years, many human activities like deforestation and aquaculture have led to the destruction of many mangroves, which is responsible for the negative environmental issues affecting the world. Poor management of the aquaculture effluents can negatively affect the land quality of the mangroves. For example, it can cause water pollution owing to the release of some inorganic contaminants like phosphorous, nitrogen and heavy metals. Though some alternative techniques have been suggested for resolving this issue, they are often seen to be ineffective with regards to their costs, energy, and maintenance. Therefore, a landscape ecological approach needs to be initiated as an alternative method for remediating the water and soil pollution caused due to the aquaculture industries. The researchers have investigated the effectiveness of implementing this approach and its contribution to the development of a sustainable aquaculture industry with regards to the economic, ecological and social advantages. Hence, in this chapter, the researchers have reviewed the ecologically beneficial, alternative technique of phycoremediation that involved the use of algal species for remediating the inorganic and organic effluents produced and released from the shrimp aquaculture ponds.