Climate Change and Rice Production: Adaptation Strategies and Capacity
Malaysia became a wealthy, urbanised, and industrialised country during the next three and a half decades as a consequence of fast economic development and structural changes. Farmers in rural Malaysia, on the other hand, continue to suffer from poverty. As a consequence, farmers account for the...
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Main Authors: | , |
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Format: | Book |
Language: | English |
Published: |
BP International
2021
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Online Access: | http://irep.iium.edu.my/92448/1/92448_Climate%20Change%20and%20Rice%20Production.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/92448/ |
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Summary: | Malaysia became a wealthy, urbanised, and industrialised country during the next three and a half
decades as a consequence of fast economic development and structural changes. Farmers in rural
Malaysia, on the other hand, continue to suffer from poverty. As a consequence, farmers account for
the majority of Malaysia's poor. The gap between those who are poor in rural regions and those who
are poor in cities is increasing, requiring action. As a matter of fact, it appears that focusing on farms
is essential in alleviating rural poverty. Due to their reliance on agricultural output for a living, farmers
have been designated as the most susceptible population to climate change. Small- scale farms are
the more vulnerable to climate change than large-scale farms. Climate change has the potential to
significantly diminish agricultural output, impacting rural per capita income and poverty levels.
Farmers' perceptions of the issue, as well as their responses to it, are critical for successful climate
change adaptation. Much of Malaysian climate change research focuses on the consequences of
climate change, historical and future trends, with agriculture accounting for a significant percentage of
the research. The importance of agriculture as a key contributor to national Gross Domestic Product
(GDP) is one possible reason why climate change implications on agriculture have garnered so much
attention in Malaysia. But unfortunately, they did not consider so much the adaptation barriers,
strategies and capacity to climate risks among rice farmers in Malaysia, who are equally vulnerable to
the impacts of climate change.
One could wonder what effect climate change is having on rice farmers' poverty. Are farmers aware of
climate change's consequences? Are they equipped to handle the situation? What is the extent
of their adaptability? What problems do they encounter in terms of adaptability, and how do they deal
with them? What alternatives do they have for coping with climate change adaptation? Therefore, this
study attempts to fill in the gap by examining the economic impact of climate change on farmer
poverty in Kedah and the factors that influence farmers' adaptation decisions and their willingness to
pay (WTP) for crop insurance in order to adapt to climate change. Furthermore, this study attempted
to investigate the difficulties that farmers face in their adaptation process, and a policy-relevant
integrated environmental protection waqf model is presented to assist farmers in overcoming these
obstacles. The farmers' willingness to accept the suggested model is also evaluated in order to
validate the concept. Overall, this book utilises Kedah as a case study to illustrate farmers'
perceptions of climate change, adaptation hurdles, techniques, and possible remedies, both traditional
and Islamic. Paddy production by Malaysian farmers supplied 70% of the country's consumption
demands, with half of the supply coming from the state of Kedah, also known as Malaysia's rice bowl.
One of the study's drawbacks is that it will not cover the full country of Malaysia.
There are eight chapters in this book. The introduction, significance of the study, methodology, as well
as its importance and limits, are all covered in the first chapter. The second chapter's goal is to
assess the economic effects of climate change on rice farmers' poverty. The study's goal was
achieved through the use of a logit model. The findings revealed that education had a substantial
influence on poverty. In rural Malaysia, farm size, labour costs, and temperature all have a major
impact on poverty levels. The third chapter looks at how farmers
perceive adaptation strategies and the challenges they face. The study's objectives were met using
the weighted average index (WAI) and the problem confrontation index (PCI). The results of the WAI
analysis showed that the farmers ranked improved irrigation as the most important adaptation
strategies. The PCI analysis showed that high cost of farm inputs, unpredictable weather, lack of
water resources, lack of timely weather information and lack of access to credit facilities were the
most serious barriers faced by the farmers.
The purpose of Chapter four is to investigate the factors which affect farmers' choice about climate
change adaptation strategies. In this study, a logit model was used to identify the characteristics
that influence farmers' choice of climate change adaptation strategies. Access to extension, income,
understanding of climate change, household size, and farm size all impact whether rice farmers
employ adaptation strategies. |
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