Immobilized microalgae using alginate for wastewater treatment
Organic and inorganic substances are released into the environment because of domestic, agricultural, and industrial activities which contribute to the pollution of water bodies. Removal of these substances from wastewater using conventional treatment involves high energy cost for mechanical aeratio...
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Universiti Putra Malaysia Press
2021
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my.iium.irep.917252021-08-25T07:02:33Z http://irep.iium.edu.my/91725/ Immobilized microalgae using alginate for wastewater treatment Abdul Halim, Amanatuzzakiah Wan Haron, Wan Nor Atikah QR Microbiology T Technology (General) TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD172 Environmental pollution TD194 Environmental effects of industries and plants Organic and inorganic substances are released into the environment because of domestic, agricultural, and industrial activities which contribute to the pollution of water bodies. Removal of these substances from wastewater using conventional treatment involves high energy cost for mechanical aeration to provide oxygen for aerobic digestion system. During this process, the aerobic bacteria rapidly consume the organic matter and convert it into single cell proteins, water, and carbon dioxide. Alternatively, this biological treatment step can be accomplished by growing microalgae in the wastewater. Chlorella vulgaris immobilized in calcium alginate was used to study the removal efficiency of main nutrients in wastewater such as ammonium and phosphate that act as an important factor in microalgae growth. The immobilized cells demonstrated higher percentage of ammonium and phosphate removal of 83% and 79% respectively, compared to free-suspended cells (76% and 56%). COD removal recorded was 89% and 83% for immobilized cells and free-suspended cells, respectively. The kinetics parameters of nutrients removal for immobilized C. vulgaris in synthetic wastewater were also determined. The specific ammonium removal rates (RA) and phosphate removal rates (RP) for Chlorella vulgaris in synthetic wastewater were 8.3 mg.L-1day-1 and 7.9 mg.L-1day-1, respectively. On the other hand, the kinetic coefficient for each nutrient removal determined were kA = 0.0462 L.mg-1 day-1 NH4 and kP = 0.0352 L.mg-1 day-1 PO3– 4 . This study proves the application of immobilized microalgae cells is advantageous to the wastewater treatment efficiency. Furthermore, optimization on the immobilization process can be conducted to further improve the nutrients removal rates which potentially can be applied in the large-scale wastewater treatment process. Universiti Putra Malaysia Press 2021-07-31 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/91725/1/Journal%20of%20Sience%20Technology%20Pertanika-Immobilized%20Microalgae%20using%20Alginate%20for%20Wastewater%20Treatment.pdf application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/91725/7/91725_Immobilized%20microalgae%20using%20alginate%20for%20wastewater%20treatment_scopus.pdf application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/91725/8/91725_Immobilized%20microalgae%20using%20alginate%20for%20wastewater%20treatment_wos.pdf Abdul Halim, Amanatuzzakiah and Wan Haron, Wan Nor Atikah (2021) Immobilized microalgae using alginate for wastewater treatment. Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology, 29 (3). pp. 1489-1501. ISSN 0128-7680 http://www.pertanika.upm.edu.my/pjst/browse/regular-issue?article=JST-2463-2021 10.47836/pjst.29.3.34 |
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QR Microbiology T Technology (General) TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD172 Environmental pollution TD194 Environmental effects of industries and plants |
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QR Microbiology T Technology (General) TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD172 Environmental pollution TD194 Environmental effects of industries and plants Abdul Halim, Amanatuzzakiah Wan Haron, Wan Nor Atikah Immobilized microalgae using alginate for wastewater treatment |
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Organic and inorganic substances are released into the environment because of domestic, agricultural, and industrial activities which contribute to the pollution of water bodies. Removal of these substances from wastewater using conventional treatment involves high energy cost for mechanical aeration to provide oxygen for aerobic digestion system. During this process, the aerobic bacteria rapidly consume the organic matter and convert it into single cell proteins, water, and carbon dioxide. Alternatively, this biological treatment step can be accomplished by growing microalgae in the wastewater. Chlorella vulgaris immobilized in calcium alginate was used to study the removal efficiency of main nutrients in wastewater such as ammonium and phosphate that act as an important factor in microalgae growth. The immobilized cells demonstrated higher percentage of ammonium and phosphate removal of 83% and 79% respectively, compared to free-suspended cells (76% and 56%). COD removal recorded was 89% and 83% for immobilized cells and free-suspended cells, respectively. The kinetics parameters of nutrients removal for immobilized C. vulgaris in synthetic wastewater were also determined. The specific ammonium removal rates (RA) and phosphate removal rates (RP) for Chlorella vulgaris in synthetic wastewater were 8.3 mg.L-1day-1 and 7.9 mg.L-1day-1, respectively. On the other hand, the kinetic coefficient for each nutrient removal determined were kA = 0.0462 L.mg-1 day-1 NH4 and kP = 0.0352 L.mg-1 day-1 PO3– 4 . This study proves the application of immobilized microalgae cells is advantageous to the wastewater treatment efficiency. Furthermore, optimization on the immobilization process can be conducted to further improve the nutrients removal rates which potentially can be applied in the large-scale wastewater treatment process. |
format |
Article |
author |
Abdul Halim, Amanatuzzakiah Wan Haron, Wan Nor Atikah |
author_facet |
Abdul Halim, Amanatuzzakiah Wan Haron, Wan Nor Atikah |
author_sort |
Abdul Halim, Amanatuzzakiah |
title |
Immobilized microalgae using alginate for wastewater treatment |
title_short |
Immobilized microalgae using alginate for wastewater treatment |
title_full |
Immobilized microalgae using alginate for wastewater treatment |
title_fullStr |
Immobilized microalgae using alginate for wastewater treatment |
title_full_unstemmed |
Immobilized microalgae using alginate for wastewater treatment |
title_sort |
immobilized microalgae using alginate for wastewater treatment |
publisher |
Universiti Putra Malaysia Press |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://irep.iium.edu.my/91725/1/Journal%20of%20Sience%20Technology%20Pertanika-Immobilized%20Microalgae%20using%20Alginate%20for%20Wastewater%20Treatment.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/91725/7/91725_Immobilized%20microalgae%20using%20alginate%20for%20wastewater%20treatment_scopus.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/91725/8/91725_Immobilized%20microalgae%20using%20alginate%20for%20wastewater%20treatment_wos.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/91725/ http://www.pertanika.upm.edu.my/pjst/browse/regular-issue?article=JST-2463-2021 |
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13.160551 |