Chitosan as a potential drug nanocarrier for oral disease treatment

• Main Authors: Mohd Zayi, Nora Azirah, Mohamad, Mohd Yusof, Harun @ Ismail, Ahmad Fahmi, Mohamed Halim, Muhammad Lutfi, Arzmi, Mohd Hafiz
• Format: Conference or Workshop Item
• Language: English; English
• Published: 2020
• Subjects: RK318 Oral and Dental Medicine. Pathology. Diseases-Therapeutics-General Works
• Online Access: http://irep.iium.edu.my/83845/17/83845%20Chitosan%20as%20a%20potential%20drug%20nanocarrier%20-%20poster.pdf; http://irep.iium.edu.my/83845/18/83845%20Chitosan%20as%20a%20potential%20drug%20nanocarrier.pdf; http://irep.iium.edu.my/83845/; https://mysomoi.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/icomoi-2020-abstract-book.pdf

Oral drug delivery is widely used in the treatment of oral disease. Due to the complexity of the gastrointestinal system, local drug delivery offers a more targeted and attractive alternative to systemic delivery. Recently, nanotechnology has drawn prominent interest in the topical application which can maintain the drug concentrations on the target site. Chitosan (CS) is a natural biodegradable polymer that is commonly used for drug encapsulation. It has a longer half-life and greater drug entrapment efficiency. The size of particle and stability colloidal dispersions are the most critical part in nano-drug delivery. This study aims to determine the effect of chitosan concentration on particle size, polydispersity index (PDI) and zeta potential. The CS nanoparticle was prepared by ionic crosslinking using tripolyphosphate (TPP) in the ratio of 20 CS: 100 TPP. Aqueous TPP was added dropwise into different concentration of CS (1 to 3 mg/mL in acetic acid) under vigorous stirring at room temperature. The mean size, PDI and zeta potential of nanoparticle were measured using dynamic light scattering. Our findings showed that the increase of chitosan concentration at a constant concentration of TPP increased the size of nanoparticles. Furthermore, the particles that were prepared under 1% w/v CS concentration, 1% w/v TPP concentration, and stirring speed at 6000 rpm had the smallest diameter of 198.2±18.62nm. In addition, different concentrations of chitosan exhibited narrow particle size distribution with PDI values approximately 0.4 and zeta potential ranging from 62-69 mV. In conclusion, nanoparticle size can be controlled by adjusting chitosan concentration which can be used in the encapsulation of nanotherapeutic drug. This offers a promising candidate for nanodrug carrier.