Cytotoxicity study of Basella alba leaves extract on brine shrimp lethality bioassay and mtt assay

• Main Authors: Azad, Abul Kalam, Islam, Mohd Aminul, Sunzida, Nushrat Khan
• Format: Article
• Language: English; English
• Published: Società Italo-Latinoamericana di Etnomedicina ( SILAE) 2019
• Subjects: RA1190 Toxicology
• Online Access: http://irep.iium.edu.my/77493/7/77493%20CYTOTOXICITY%20STUDY.pdf; http://irep.iium.edu.my/77493/8/77493%20CYTOTOXICITY%20STUDY%20SCOPUS.pdf; http://irep.iium.edu.my/77493/; https://pharmacologyonline.silae.it/files/archives/2019/vol2/PhOL_2019_2_A009_Azad.pdf

Introduction: The main objective of the present study is to investigate the cytotoxicity of crude extracts of Basella alba L. leaves. It has been reported to show various bioactivities, but the toxicity and cytotoxicity effects have not been conducted yet. Materials and Methods: The phytochemical screening of the plants extract has been carried qualitatively. The cytotoxic effect was determined through in vitro MTT assay using MCF-7 cell line, and brine shrimp lethality bioassay. Results: Brine shrimp lethality bioassay showed the percentage of survival rate of nauplii which were 72, 88, 88 and 96 % at the concentration of 200, 100, 50 and 25 μL/mL respectively. The mortality of brine shrimp nauplii was from 44% at the concentration of 800 μL/mL, while the negative control (Aluminium chloride) showed 80% mortality at the concentration of 20 μL/mL. However, the IC50 was found with the concentration of 617.31 μL/mL. In MTT assay, more than 90% cell viability showed from the concentration of 31.25 μL/mL to 250 μL/mL, while the vehicle control (DMSO; 1% v/v) was 63.71%. Moreover, the cytotoxicity assay on MCF-7 cell line also concluded that the extract of Basella alba L. leaves is nontoxic even with very high concentration as well. Conclusion: Since it is a popular vegetable which is consumed by the people of Asia every day, therefore, it was very important to study the toxicity of this plant. It has been clearly proven by this study that this vegetable has no toxic effect.