Optimization of hyperglycemic induction in zebrafish and evaluation of its blood glucose level and metabolite fingerprint treated with psychotria malayana Jack Leaf extract

• Main Authors: Benchoula, Khaled, Khatib, Alfi, Quzwain, Fairuz M. C., Che Mohamad, Che Anuar, Wan Sulaiman, Wan Mohd Azizi, Abdul Wahab, Ridhwan, Ahmed, Qamar Uddin, Abdul Ghaffar, Majid, Saiman, Mohd Zuwairi, Alajmi, Mohamed Fahad, El-Seedi, Hesham
• Format: Article
• Language: English; English; English
• Published: MDPI 2019
• Subjects: RS Pharmacy and materia medica
• Online Access: http://irep.iium.edu.my/72563/1/72563%20Optimization%20of%20Hyperglycemic%20Induction.pdf; http://irep.iium.edu.my/72563/2/72563%20Optimization%20of%20Hyperglycemic%20Induction%20SCOPUS.pdf; http://irep.iium.edu.my/72563/13/72563_Optimization%20of%20Hyperglycemic%20Induction%20in%20Zebrafish%20and%20Evaluation%20of%20Its%20Blood%20Glucose%20Level%20and%20Metabolite%20Fingerprint%20Treated%20with%20Psychotria%20malayana%20Jack%20Leaf%20Extract_wos.pdf; http://irep.iium.edu.my/72563/; https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/8/1506

A standard protocol to develop type 1 diabetes in zebrafish is still uncertain due to unpredictable factors. In this study, an optimized protocol was developed and used to evaluate the anti-diabetic activity of Psychotria malayana leaf. The aims of this study were to develop a type 1 diabetic adult zebrafish model and to evaluate the anti-diabetic activity of the plant extract on the developed model. The ability of streptozotocin and alloxan at a different dose to elevate the blood glucose levels in zebrafish was evaluated. While the anti-diabetic activity of P. malayana aqueous extract was evaluated through analysis of blood glucose and LC-MS analysis fingerprinting. The results indicated that a single intraperitoneal injection of 300 mg/kg alloxan was the optimal dose to elevate the fasting blood glucose in zebrafish. Furthermore, the plant extract at 1, 2, and 3 g/kg significantly reduced blood glucose levels in the diabetic zebrafish. In addition, LC-MS-based fingerprinting indicated that 3 g/kg plant extract more effective than other doses. Phytosterols, sugar alcohols, sugar acid, free fatty acids, cyclitols, phenolics, and alkaloid were detected in the extract using GC-MS. In conclusion, P. malayana leaf aqueous extract showed anti-diabetic activity on the developed type 1 diabetic zebrafish model.