تفعيل آليات ضمان المضارب والمشارك في ضوء مقصد حفظ المال = Revitalizing the mechanism of guarantee for the mudhārib (operator) and the capital owner in the light of the purpose of preserving the wealth = Mengefisyenkan mekanisme jaminan pelanggan mudharabah dan musyarakah dari perspektif objektif memelihara harta
Among the purposes of Shariʽah is the preservation of wealth without exposing it to destruction as it is a basis of life. Therefore, there are many rules in Islam that are meant to realize this purpose. After the reluctance of Islamic banks to roll out the product of mudhārabah or profit sharing due...
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Main Authors: | , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
IIUM Press, International Islamic University Malaysia
2018
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Online Access: | http://irep.iium.edu.my/60792/1/60792_%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%B9%D9%8A%D9%84%20%D8%A2%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA%20%D8%B6%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B6%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%20%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%83.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/60792/ http://journals.iium.edu.my/at-tajdid/index.php/Tajdid/article/view/463 |
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Summary: | Among the purposes of Shariʽah is the preservation of wealth without exposing it to destruction as it is a basis of life. Therefore, there are many rules in Islam that are meant to realize this purpose. After the reluctance of Islamic banks to roll out the product of mudhārabah or profit sharing due to the exposure of the capital to lost, there had been calls to creatively benefit from many methods to preserve wealth from being lost through focusing on governance and its four pillars: justice, accountability, responsibility and transparency. The paper intends to explore the issue of revitalizing the role of guarantee either form the operator or the capital owner. This issue has been a matter of dispute among contemporary scholars. Some of them focus on the aspect of economy and its modern requirements thus obligating the guarantee from the capital owner in an analogy with the case of common employee. Those who oppose build their argument on a view of an Islamic ruling stating that a privilege must be paid for thus saying that an operator or capital owner cannot offer a guarantee as it will be considered a negligence. In this regard this paper aims to contribute to revitalize the mechanisms of guarantee for the operator and the capital owner in order to restructure it in the form that is acceptable by the Islamic banks.
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Prinsip memelihara hartaadalah salah satu tuntutan syariat (Maqasid Syariah) yang menjadi asas kehidupan. Oleh kerana itu, agama Islam mengandungi banyak hukum yang bertujuan mencapai konsep memelihara harta. Namun, dewasa ini, banyak bank Islam mula enggan melaksanakan produk mudharabah dan musyarakah kerana tiada jaminan modal. Rentetan daripada permasalahan ini, terdapat gesaan untuk mencipta mekanisme untuk memelihara harta dari hilang. Seiring dengan empat komponen “kerajaan yang baik” iaitu keadilan,tanggungjawab, pertanggungjawaban, dan ketelusan. Kajian ini akan menumpukan kepada isu yang sangat penting jika kita lihat kepada perjalanan proses pelaburan di bank-bank Islam. Ia adalah isu mengefisyenkan jaminan bagi pelanggan mudharabah atau musyarakah. Masalah ini adalah salah satu masalah yang diperselisihkan oleh para pengkaji semasa. Ada antara mereka menumpukan aspek ekonomi dan tuntutan-tuntutan semasa. Maka dengan itu, mereka cenderung ke arah mengharuskan (mempositifkan) jaminan pelanggan mudharabah dan musyarakah dengan membandingkannya dengan konsep Ajir Musytarak. Bagi mereka yang tidak bersetuju pula, mereka berpegang kepada pandangan fiqh yang berpusatkan kepada kaedah fiqh “keuntungan adalah imbalan atas kerugian”. Mereka mengatakan bahawa pelanggan mudharabah dan musyarakah tidak dijamin melainkan jika ia dizalimi. Kajian ini adalah suatu usaha mengefisyenkan mekanisme jaminan pelanggan mudharabah atau musyarakah supaya produk ini menjadi bentuk yang diiktiraf oleh bank-bank Islam. |
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