Institutions and mechanisms for internal conflict resolution: legal and non-legal means in resolving dispute and attaining justice in Malaysia

• Main Author: Mokhtar, Khairil Azmin
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Faculty of Law, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta 2016
• Subjects: K Law (General)
• Online Access: http://irep.iium.edu.my/55204/13/55204-Institutions%20and%20Mechanisms%20for%20Internal%20Conflict%20Resolution.pdf; http://irep.iium.edu.my/55204/; http://journal.umy.ac.id/index.php/jmh/article/view/1999/2615

Among the questions that the research seek to tackle is should the court become the only saviour of justice? In this article it is argued that the task to combat injustices, produce a just ordering of society, ensure a fair distribution of material and legal resources, safeguard the rule of law, promote equality, ensure proportionality in punishment, and protect entitlements and legitimate expectations should not be put on the shoulders of judges and courts only. It must be spread out and shared by other institutions and by whatever means available. This article seeks to establish that in spite of the crucial role of the court in establishing justice, there are other institutions and mechanisms that can and have been used to achieve justice. In this study Malaysia is used as an example. This article is the result of a qualitative study which employs legal analysis of the constitution and laws in the country. Despite the judiciary’s fundamental role in dispensing justice it have weaknesses and limitations. As shown in this article apart from the formal courts and judges there many institutions and mechanisms which are outside the formal structure of the judiciary that play significant role in resolving dispute, avoiding conflict and realizing justice. As can be observed in this study the role of these institutions becomes more crucial and important especially when the integrity and credibility of the court or judges are questioned and doubted by the public. Penelitian menjawab pertanyaan apakah pengadilan hanya satu-satunya cara untuk menyelamatkan keadilan. Tulisan berargumentasi tugas untuk melawan ketidakadilan, mewujudkan masyarakat yang berkeadilan, menjamin distribusi ekonomi, menjamin rule of law, mempromosikan persamaan, menjamin adahnya hukuman yang proporsional, dan melindungi harapan masyarakat tidak harus melalui institusi peraadilan. Di dalam artikel ini dibahas bahwa di samping peradilan, masih ada mekanisme lain yang dapat digunakan untuk mencari keadilan hukum. Artikel ini akan menggunakan Malaysia sebagai contoh dalam penggunaan mekanisme di luar pengadilan, yaitu alternative dispute resolution. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian normatif dengan menggunakan analisis yang bersifat kualitatif terhaddap konstitusi dan peraturanperundangan yang ada di Malaysia. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penyelesaian sengketa melalui pengadilan, dalam hal tertentu, memerlukan prosedur yang panjang dan memiliki keterbatasan. Oleh karena itu, penyelesaian sengketa melalui mekanisme di luar pengadilan menjadi alternatif yang dapat digunakan mencari keadilan. Penyelesaian sengketa melalui mekanisme alternatif di luar pengadilan faktanya menjadi krusial di tengah rendahnya tingkat kepercayaan masyarakat terhadap institusi formal peradilan yang ada