Human-animal chimerical transplantation in tissue engineering experimentation: exploring the ethical issues
Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM) offers an alternative treatment modalities for damaged organs/tissues. Tapping cell-based therapy and autologous transplant approaches, this restorative technique aims at reconstructing human tissues/organs for transplantation. But, before it ca...
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my.iium.irep.497532018-01-08T03:18:36Z http://irep.iium.edu.my/49753/ Human-animal chimerical transplantation in tissue engineering experimentation: exploring the ethical issues Ahmad Radzi, Muhammad Aa’zamuddin Hashi, Abdurezak Abdulahi Zainuddin, Zainul Ibrahim Abdul Rahman, Rozlin Mohamad Sukri, Norhamiza Md Nazir, Noorhidayah Razali, Wan Ahmad Dzulkarnain Sha'ban, Munirah R Medicine (General) Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM) offers an alternative treatment modalities for damaged organs/tissues. Tapping cell-based therapy and autologous transplant approaches, this restorative technique aims at reconstructing human tissues/organs for transplantation. But, before it can be used clinically, tissue engineered construct (TEC) must undergo the pre-clinical validation protocol in selected animal models. For example, subcutaneous implantation of human TEC in the immunodeficient mice has been long used as a gold standard to ascertain the feasibility of TEC in vivo. However, laboratory studies involving this type of interspecies transplant or, classically known as “chimera” certainly raises multiple ethical issues. Unlike the three hybrid creatures in Greek mythology, the term in biomedical research can be defined as an individual, organ, or part consisting of tissues of diverse genetics constitution. Most chimeras are produced by introducing human stem cells into developing animal embryos/foetuses. However in TERM, the subcutaneous pocket of the mice serves as a host to provide internal microenvironment for TEC maturation. The TEC that forms is encapsulated, easily dissected, and do not dwell beyond the local mice tissue. The possibility for an extensive chimerism of the animal gonads or brain by human cells seems unlikely, especially considering the short experiment duration; typically less than 3-month. Therefore, this paper aims to identify harms and benefits of human-animal chimerical transplantation in biomedical application. Besides that, moral aspects of human dignity and animal rights will also be examined and discussed. Among those aspects that shall be explored include which tissues will be chimerized; the degree of chimerism that may result; and the state of physiologic integration of the implanted TEC into mice. There may be some questions which are left unanswered, but, in certain aspects animal model remains a necessity because of the complexity of a human system 2015 Conference or Workshop Item REM application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/49753/4/49753_-_Human-animal_chimerical_transplantation.pdf Ahmad Radzi, Muhammad Aa’zamuddin and Hashi, Abdurezak Abdulahi and Zainuddin, Zainul Ibrahim and Abdul Rahman, Rozlin and Mohamad Sukri, Norhamiza and Md Nazir, Noorhidayah and Razali, Wan Ahmad Dzulkarnain and Sha'ban, Munirah (2015) Human-animal chimerical transplantation in tissue engineering experimentation: exploring the ethical issues. In: 5th International Conference on Advancement in Science and Technology (iCAST 2015): Frontiers in Biotechnology, 10th -12th August 2015, Impiana Resort Cherating Pahang, Malaysia.. (Unpublished) http://www.iium.edu.my/icast/ |
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R Medicine (General) Ahmad Radzi, Muhammad Aa’zamuddin Hashi, Abdurezak Abdulahi Zainuddin, Zainul Ibrahim Abdul Rahman, Rozlin Mohamad Sukri, Norhamiza Md Nazir, Noorhidayah Razali, Wan Ahmad Dzulkarnain Sha'ban, Munirah Human-animal chimerical transplantation in tissue engineering experimentation: exploring the ethical issues |
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Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM) offers an alternative treatment modalities for
damaged organs/tissues. Tapping cell-based therapy and autologous transplant approaches, this
restorative technique aims at reconstructing human tissues/organs for transplantation. But, before it
can be used clinically, tissue engineered construct (TEC) must undergo the pre-clinical validation
protocol in selected animal models. For example, subcutaneous implantation of human TEC in the
immunodeficient mice has been long used as a gold standard to ascertain the feasibility of TEC in vivo.
However, laboratory studies involving this type of interspecies transplant or, classically known as
“chimera” certainly raises multiple ethical issues. Unlike the three hybrid creatures in Greek
mythology, the term in biomedical research can be defined as an individual, organ, or part consisting
of tissues of diverse genetics constitution. Most chimeras are produced by introducing human stem
cells into developing animal embryos/foetuses. However in TERM, the subcutaneous pocket of the
mice serves as a host to provide internal microenvironment for TEC maturation. The TEC that forms is
encapsulated, easily dissected, and do not dwell beyond the local mice tissue. The possibility for an
extensive chimerism of the animal gonads or brain by human cells seems unlikely, especially
considering the short experiment duration; typically less than 3-month. Therefore, this paper aims to
identify harms and benefits of human-animal chimerical transplantation in biomedical application.
Besides that, moral aspects of human dignity and animal rights will also be examined and discussed.
Among those aspects that shall be explored include which tissues will be chimerized; the degree of
chimerism that may result; and the state of physiologic integration of the implanted TEC into mice.
There may be some questions which are left unanswered, but, in certain aspects animal model
remains a necessity because of the complexity of a human system |
format |
Conference or Workshop Item |
author |
Ahmad Radzi, Muhammad Aa’zamuddin Hashi, Abdurezak Abdulahi Zainuddin, Zainul Ibrahim Abdul Rahman, Rozlin Mohamad Sukri, Norhamiza Md Nazir, Noorhidayah Razali, Wan Ahmad Dzulkarnain Sha'ban, Munirah |
author_facet |
Ahmad Radzi, Muhammad Aa’zamuddin Hashi, Abdurezak Abdulahi Zainuddin, Zainul Ibrahim Abdul Rahman, Rozlin Mohamad Sukri, Norhamiza Md Nazir, Noorhidayah Razali, Wan Ahmad Dzulkarnain Sha'ban, Munirah |
author_sort |
Ahmad Radzi, Muhammad Aa’zamuddin |
title |
Human-animal chimerical transplantation in tissue engineering experimentation: exploring the ethical issues |
title_short |
Human-animal chimerical transplantation in tissue engineering experimentation: exploring the ethical issues |
title_full |
Human-animal chimerical transplantation in tissue engineering experimentation: exploring the ethical issues |
title_fullStr |
Human-animal chimerical transplantation in tissue engineering experimentation: exploring the ethical issues |
title_full_unstemmed |
Human-animal chimerical transplantation in tissue engineering experimentation: exploring the ethical issues |
title_sort |
human-animal chimerical transplantation in tissue engineering experimentation: exploring the ethical issues |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
http://irep.iium.edu.my/49753/4/49753_-_Human-animal_chimerical_transplantation.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/49753/ http://www.iium.edu.my/icast/ |
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1643613593424363520 |
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13.160551 |