Screening of various parts of phaleria macrocarpa plant for α-glucosidase inhibitory activity

• Main Authors: Evan Prince, Sabina, Sarker, Md. Zaidul Islam, Ghafoor, Kashif, Md. Jaffri, Juliana, Ferdosh, Sahena, Elfadıl Elfadl, Babiker, Perumal, Vikneswari, Hamed, Mohamed Bey Baba, Amid, Mehrnoush, Khatib, Alfi
• Format: Article
• Language: English; English; English
• Published: Wiley-Blackwell 2016
• Subjects: Q Science (General); T Technology (General)
• Online Access: http://irep.iium.edu.my/46843/1/46843_Screening%20of%20various%20parts%20of%20phaleria%20macrocarpa.pdf; http://irep.iium.edu.my/46843/2/46843_Screening%20of%20various%20parts%20of%20phaleria%20macrocarpa_WOS.pdf; http://irep.iium.edu.my/46843/3/46843_Screening%20of%20various%20parts%20of%20phaleria%20macrocarpa_SCOPUS.pdf; http://irep.iium.edu.my/46843/; http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/wol1/doi/10.1111/jfbc.12212/abstract

Phaleria macrocarpa is an herbal plant used in Malaysia to enhance vitality. The aim of this study was to screen the α -glucosidase inhibitory activity of different parts (fruit flesh, leaves and stem) of P. macrocarpa . Methanol (polar) and n-hexane (nonpolar) extracts, obtained by room temperature solvent extraction, were evaluated for in vitro α-glucosidase activity inhibition. The compounds were identified by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) according to their similarity index of >70%, which might be responsible for α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. The methanol extract of the fruit flesh had the highest yield (25.6±0.5%), whereas the n-hexane extract of the stem is more effective against α-glucosidase activity (IC500.8±0.1μg/mL). The fruit flesh (IC501.3±0.2μg/mL)and leaves (IC501.6±0.6μg/mL) had also well effectively. The identified metabo-lites are predominantly phenolics, carbohydrates, triterpenes and organic acids,such as D-fructose, squalene,α -linolenic acid and α-D-glucopyranoside. In-depth chemical profiling using GC-MS was performed for the first time for this plant to assess the likely compounds present in the extract that could be associated with anti-hyperglycemic activity. Of the three parts tested, every part indicates the potential α-glucosidase inhibitory activity and hexane extract of stem showed more inhibitory activity among all extracts. Thus,P. macrocarpa can attenuate hyperglycemia by potently inhibiting carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes, making it a viable plant as a source of natural compounds for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus.