High temperature solid-catalyzed in-situ transesterification for biodiesel production

• Main Authors: Talha, Nur Syakirah, Sulaiman, Sarina
• Format: Conference or Workshop Item
• Language: English; English
• Published: 2015
• Subjects: TP155 Chemical engineering
• Online Access: http://irep.iium.edu.my/45617/4/SOMChE_slides.pdf; http://irep.iium.edu.my/45617/11/45617.pdf; http://irep.iium.edu.my/45617/; http://www.ukm.my/somche2015/

In-situ transesterification method is a simplified method for biodiesel production where the oil was simultaneously extracted and transesterified into alkyl ester in-situ in one single process. This process combines the steps of lipid (oil) extraction and transesterification. Methanol was used for the alcohol as it is widely available and economically feasible. In this study, in situ transesterification was conducted using solid coconut waste and a novel heterogeneous catalyst synthesized from eggshells and solid coconut waste by calcination. Reaction temperature, catalyst loading, and methanol to solid ratio were varied from 70 to 120˚C, 0.5 to 10.5 wt %, and 8:1 to 12:1 respectively. Meanwhile, reaction time was fixed to 3 hrs. Heterogeneous catalyst can help to reduce the steps in separation and purification of the product. Moreover, utilizing waste in the production can lower the production cost as well as help to save and clean the environment. The highest biodiesel yield was observed at the condition of 95˚C, 0.5 wt % catalyst, and 10:1 methanol to solid ratio. Kaedah transesterifikasi in-situ adalah salah satu kaedah mudah untuk pengeluaran biodiesel apabila minyak diekstrak dan ditransesterifikasi ke alkyl ester in-situ dalam satu proses tunggal. Kaedah ini menggabungkan proses mengekstrak lipid (minyak) dan transesterifikasi. Methanol digunakan sebagai alkohol kerana boleh didapati secara meluas dan lebih jimat dari segi ekonomi. Dalam kajian ini, transesterifikasi in-situ telah dijalankan menggunakan pepejal hampas kelapa dan pemangkin heterogen novel yang disintesis daripada kulit telur dan pepejal hampas kelapa melalui kaedah kalsinasi. Suhu reaksi, konsentrasi pemangkin dan nisbah methanol ke pepejal telah divariasikan dari 70 hingga 120˚C, 5 hingga 10.5 %berat dan 8:1 hingga 12:1 masing-masing. Masa reaksi telah ditetapkan selama 3 jam. Pemangkin heterogen boleh membantu untuk mengurangkan proses pemisahan dan pemurnian produk. Selain itu, penggunaan bahan buangan dalam pengeluaran boleh mengurangkan kos dan juga membantu menyelamatkan serta membersihkan alam sekitar. Biodiesel terhasil paling maksimum pada suhu 95˚C, 0.5% berat pemangkin dan 10:1 nisbah methanol ke pepejal.