Evaluation of tooth apical closure in apexification treatment Using Calcium Hydroxide

• Main Authors: Kusumawardani, Anisa, Samadi, Karlina, Lunardhi, Cecilia
• Format: Conference or Workshop Item
• Language: English; English
• Published: 2013
• Subjects: RK Dentistry
• Online Access: http://irep.iium.edu.my/33321/1/Poster__EVALUATION_OF_TOOTH_APICAL_CLOSURE_IN_APEXIFICATION_TREATMENT_USING_CALCIUM_HYDROXIDE.pdf; http://irep.iium.edu.my/33321/4/IRIIE_2013.pdf; http://irep.iium.edu.my/33321/; http://www.iium.edu.my/irie/13/index.php/8-iriie/1-iium-research-invention-and-innovation-exhibition-2013

Background: Crown tooth fracture with open pulp occurs as 2-13% of all injury accidents involving teeth. Most of these cases occurred in newly erupted teeth whose roots are not fully formed. Apexification with calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) is used to stimulate formation of a barrier at the open apex and continue the growth of the apical tooth in the case of pulp necrosis. Root growth after apexification treatment can produce different forms. In addition to close to perfection, the roots can be shorter, wider canals with thin lateral walls, or may also have inverted tapered shape. Objectives: To observe the effectiveness of apexification treatment in open apex teeth using Ca(OH)2 and to see the percentage of apical closures type through periapical röntgen photos. Methods: We studied 41 samples photos of young permanent incisors having apexification treatment using Ca(OH)2. Data were taken from periapical röntgen after treatment, diagnostic photos were used as a control. From the total sample eligible, the dental apex closures were read by three readers using magnifying viewer and classified into four types of apical closures according to Weine classification which are (A) The apex closes accompanied by constriction of the root canal, (B) The apex closes without a narrowing canal, (C) calcification in apex area, (D) No change in radiograph appearance. The collected data were described by the percentage. Results: All of the patients diagnosed as having necrotic pulp with open apex were successfully treated with Ca(OH)2. The form of apical closures were analyzed, and the most apical closure result were type A (43.90%), followed by type B (36.59%), type C (17.07%) and D (2.44%). Conclusion: Ca(OH)2 gives 100% successful rate in the apexification treatment. The most common radiographic appearance of root growth after apexification was apical closure accompanied by constriction of the root canal.