Treatment of industrial low grade palm oil via esterification reaction using sonoreactor

• Main Authors: Hayyan, Adeeb, Hashim, Mohd Ali, Mirghani, Mohamed Elwathig Saeed, Hayyan, Maan, Alnashef, Inas Muen
• Format: Article
• Language: English; English; English
• Published: The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. 2014
• Subjects: TP155 Chemical engineering
• Online Access: http://irep.iium.edu.my/32695/16/32695-Treatment_of_industrial_low_grade_palm_.pdf; http://irep.iium.edu.my/32695/4/32695-Treatment%20of%20industrial%20low%20grade%20palm%20oil%20via%20esterification%20reaction%20using%20sonoreactor_SCOPUS.pdf; http://irep.iium.edu.my/32695/5/32695-Treatment%20of%20industrial%20low%20grade%20palm%20oil%20via%20esterification%20reaction%20using%20sonoreactor_WOS.pdf; http://irep.iium.edu.my/32695/; http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1226086X1300453X

In this study, the reduction of free fatty acid (FFA) in low grade palm oil (LGPO) was conducted at various sonication times, ranging from 30 to 300 min. Screening of various acids was reported and selected acid was considered for further study. The results found that strong acids such as sulfuric a...