Prevalence and risk factors for recurrent Ischemic stroke at two tertiary hospitals in Kuantan
Introduction: Recurrent strokes are rising globally, especially in Malaysia, and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. This study examines the prevalence and risk factors of recurrent ischemic stroke in two tertiary hospitals in Kuantan. Materials and Methodss: This study is a cross-sectio...
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM)
2023
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Online Access: | http://irep.iium.edu.my/109983/7/109983_Prevalence%20and%20risk%20factors%20for%20recurrent%20Ischemic%20stroke%20at%20two%20tertiary%20hospitals.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/109983/ https://medicineandhealthukm.com/sites/medicineandhealthukm.com/files/article/2023/international_virtual_medical_research_symposium_p_80781.pdf |
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Summary: | Introduction: Recurrent strokes are rising globally, especially in Malaysia, and
is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. This study examines the prevalence
and risk factors of recurrent ischemic stroke in two tertiary hospitals in Kuantan.
Materials and Methodss: This study is a cross-sectional retrospective study which
was conducted on ischemic stroke patients who attended two tertiary hospitals
in Kuantan in 2022. Results: This study included 532 individuals, 380 with first
episode of stroke and 152 with recurrent ischemic stroke. The prevalence of
recurrent ischemic stroke is 28.6%. The mean age of recurrent ischemic stroke
is 63.33 years and male gender and Malay ethnicity are more predominant. Risk
factors that show significant positive association are hypertension (p < 0.001, OR
29.940, 95% CI 9.937-90.208), diabetes mellitus (p < 0.001, OR 11.089, 95% CI
4.181- 29.409), hyperlipidaemia (p < 0.001, OR 3.457, 95% CI 1.924-6.209) and
ischemic heart disease (p < 0.001, OR 3.102, 95% CI 1.758-5.472). Our study did
not reveal any significant correlations between age, gender, race, smoking, family
history of stroke, HbA1c level, BMI categories, and compliance to medications with
regards to recurrent ischemic stroke. We also examined stroke subtypes and severity
in recurrent stroke patients using the Oxfordshire Community Stroke Classification
(OCSP) classification and National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score.
Most common stroke subtypes are LACI and PACI. TACI is associated with age,
atrial fibrillation and ischemic heart disease. Most patients had moderate stroke.
Stroke severity is also associated with age, smoking, ischemic heart disease and
atrial fibrillation. Conclusion: Our study found a high prevalence of recurrent
ischemic stroke and associated risk factors includes hypertension, diabetes mellitus,
hyperlipidaemia and ischemic heart disease. Therefore, it is critical to recognize
and control these risk factors to reduce the likelihood of recurrent ischemic stroke,
and thus reducing morbidity and mortality. |
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