Revealing the book of Islamic scholars, Al Biruni about the iron from calah

• Main Author: Yaacob, Solehah@Nik Najah Fadilah
• Format: Conference or Workshop Item
• Language: English
• Published: 2023
• Subjects: D History General and Old World; P Philology. Linguistics; PA Classical philology; PI Oriental languages and literatures; PN Literature (General); PN0080 Criticism; PN0441 Literary History
• Online Access: http://irep.iium.edu.my/107060/1/107060_Revealing%20the%20book%20of%20Islamic%20scholars.pdf; http://irep.iium.edu.my/107060/

The word Qala`i originated from the word قلعى (ق ل ع ى ) and was discovered in an Assyria inscription dated 1300 BC under the reign of Ashurbanipal 1. However, to link with the Qala`I, the writing system in ancient inscriptions must be discovered. We noticed ancient inscriptions do not contain any vowel alphabet, only consonants (E.F.L. Beeston) and the Pw-r-s-ty for Philistines (Wainwright, 1961). Then to pronounce Qala`i sword is قلعى without vowel sound. In Biblical Studies, they pronounce Calah based on European pronunciation, not as a Semitic sound. The Biblical Studies assumed that Calah (later called Nimrod) was situated in Mesopotamia only by literary evidence, not by archaeology discovery.