Conventional methods and future trends in antimicrobial susceptibility testing
Antimicrobial susceptibility testing is an essential task for selecting appropriate antimicrobial agents to treat infectious diseases. Constant evolution has been observed in methods used in the diagnostic microbiology laboratories. Disc diffusion or broth microdilution are classical and conventio...
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Main Authors: | , , , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English English English |
Published: |
Elsevier
2023
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Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://irep.iium.edu.my/103722/1/103722_%20Conventional%20methods%20and%20future%20trends%20in%20antimicrobial%20susceptibility%20testing.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/103722/7/103722_%20Conventional%20methods%20and%20future%20trends%20in%20antimicrobial%20susceptibility%20testing_SCOPUS.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/103722/13/103722_Conventional%20methods%20and%20future%20trends%20in%20antimicrobial%20susceptibility%20testing_WoS.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/103722/ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1319562X2300027X |
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Summary: | Antimicrobial susceptibility testing is an essential task for selecting appropriate antimicrobial agents to
treat infectious diseases. Constant evolution has been observed in methods used in the diagnostic microbiology
laboratories. Disc diffusion or broth microdilution are classical and conventional phenotypic
methods with long turnaround time and labour-intensive but still widely practiced as gold-standard.
Scientists are striving to develop innovative, novel and faster methods of antimicrobial susceptibility
testing to be applicable for routine microbiological laboratory practice and research. To meet the requirements,
there is an increasing trend towards automation, genotypic and micro/nano technology-based
innovations. Automation in detection systems and integration of computers for online data analysis
and data sharing are giant leaps towards versatile nature of automated methods currently in use.
Genotypic methods detect a specific genetic marker associated with resistant phenotypes using molecular
amplification techniques and genome sequencing. Microfluidics and microdroplets are recent addition
in the continuous advancement of methods that show great promises with regards to safety and speed
and have the prospect to identify and monitor resistance mechanisms. Although genotypic and microfluidics
methods have many exciting features, however, their applications into routine clinical laboratory
practice warrant extensive validation. The main impetus behind the evolution of methods in antimicrobial
susceptibility testing is to shorten the overall turnaround time in obtaining the results and to
enhance the ease of sample processing. This comprehensive narrative review summarises major conventional
phenotypic methods and automated systems currently in use, and highlights principles of some of
the emerging genotypic and micro/nanotechnology-based methods in antimicrobial susceptibility
testing. |
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