Flaxseed (linum usitatissimum) ethanolic extract affects WNT signalling pathway-associated molecules; β-catenin and DKK1 expressions, during osteoblast differentiation of SHED

• Main Authors: Mokhtar@Makhtar, Khairani Idah, Nordin, Nur Sazwi, Mustafa Al-Ahmad, Basma Ezzat, Lestari, Widya, Darnis, Deny Susanti, Thirumulu Ponnuraj, Kannan, Ahmad, Azlina, Arief Ichwan, Solachuddin Jauhari
• Format: Conference or Workshop Item
• Language: English
• Published: 2022
• Subjects: RK Dentistry
• Online Access: http://irep.iium.edu.my/100410/19/100410_Flaxseed%20%28linum%20usitatissimum%29%20ethanolic%20extract%20affects%20WNT.pdf; http://irep.iium.edu.my/100410/

WNT signalling is important in regulating developmental process including bone development. Additionally, WNT signalling also involves in lineage differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), including osteogenic differentiation, through canonical WNT pathway. Flaxseed (linum usitatissimum) is a plant with many health benefits including promoting bone health. Our previous study demonstrated that Flaxseed ethanolic extract (FEE) reduced the osteoblast differentiation potential of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED), a type of MSC. Hence, we aimed to analyse the effect of FEE on WNT signalling pathway-associated molecules; β-catenin, and DKK1 expressions, during the osteoblast differentiation of SHED. SHED cultured in osteoblast induction media (OIM) was treated with FEE at 4 mg/ml. RNA extracted from cells cultured at day 7, 14 and 21 was subjected to reverse-transcriptase PCR for β-catenin, and DKK1 gene expression analysis. FEE at 4 mg/ml significantly reduced β-catenin and DKK1 expression of SHED at day 7 (0.5293 ± 0.01, 1.0792 ± 0.02 respectively, p < 0.01) but induced their expression at day 14 (0.7675 ± 0.05, 1.7176 ± 0.07 respectively, p < 0.01). The expression was later reduced at day 21 (0.2592 ± 0.01, 1.0653 ± 0.04 respectively, p < 0.01). Changes in the β-catenin, and DKK1 expressions levels at different time frame might explain how FEE reduced the osteoblast differentiation potential of SHED. Overall, FEE modulates the expressions of WNT signalling pathway-associated molecules: β-catenin, and DKK1, during the process of osteoblast differentiation of SHED which could possibly interrupt the process of osteogenesis in the current environment.