Efficiency Of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) (Type 1)In High Performance Concrete(HPC) With Silica Fume (Sf)

• Main Author: Foong , Kah Yen
• Format: Final Year Project
• Language: English
• Published: Universiti Teknologi Petronas 2009
• Subjects: TA Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)
• Online Access: http://utpedia.utp.edu.my/526/1/foong_kah_yen.pdf; http://utpedia.utp.edu.my/526/

The world's yearly cement production of 1.6 billion tons accounts ibr about 7% of the global loading of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Portland cement, the principle hydraulic cement in use today, is responsible fir a large amount of greenhouse gases. Producing a ton of Portland cement requires about 4 Giga Joules energy and the Portland cement clinker manufacture releases approximately I ton of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Ordinary concrete normally contains about 12% cement and 80% aggregates by mass. Concrete structures are generally designed fbr a service life of 50 years, but experience shows that in urban and coastal conditions, it deteriorates in 20- 30 years or even less. It is suggested that in future structures to he designed and build for a minimum service life of 100-120 years while bridges to have at least 150 years of useful life. The trend towards designing infrastructure based on life-cycle cost will not only maximize the return on the available capital but also on the available natural resources. Thus to determine the efliciency of cement for 28 days in High Performance Concrete (IIPC) with Silica Fume (SF) within strength of 50-70MPa is achievable. Enhanced efficiency is not likely to change the condition but replacement of some of the cement by supplementary cementing material such as Silica fume (SF) can substantially reduce C'02 emissions. The research is estimated to reduce the emission of carbon dioxide (C02) into the atmosphere by 15%-20% directly reducing cement consumption in the construction industry within the same rate. Environmental friendly and cost effective IIPC is expected to he produced with technical knowledge of Concrete Technology applications in eflbrt in promoting `(iRl; EN EARTI-1'