A viable multi-criteria green fleet planning for electric bus operations

• Main Author: Wong, Shong Xuan
• Format: Final Year Project / Dissertation / Thesis
• Published: 2024
• Subjects: HA Statistics; HC Economic History and Conditions; QA Mathematics
• Online Access: http://eprints.utar.edu.my/6843/1/AM_2106347_Final_Wonng_Shong_Xuan.pdf; http://eprints.utar.edu.my/6843/

Recognizing that electric bus is a primary key in decarbonization, and also understandable that the biggest obstacle to operating electric buses is its lifetime total expenses, thus electric bus operations require a proper-designed planning as numerous influential factors (e.g., bus frequency, bus quantity, passenger load factor, etc.) would significantly affecting the bus performance. With the aid of the Fuzzy TOPSIS (Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution), the project identifies the most suitable bus routes for electrification by integrating environmental and economic considerations, as well as devising a heterogeneous electric bus plan to support the operational system. In the illustrative case study for Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR), Sungai Long campus, Route-1, which covers the Bandar Sungai Long & Palm Walk (Morning Route), is identified as the most suitable route for BEB operations. For this route, the Pelican Yutong e9 BEB is deemed the most favourable for replacing conventional buses (CB)s with passenger loads of less than 22, and two of these buses are recommended for passenger loads exceeding 33. For passenger loads between 22 and 33, the BYD eBus 13 is recommended to replace conventional buses. In a nutshell, this project used Fuzzy TOPSIS to identify the most suitable bus routes and favourable bus types for bus electrification while considering environmental and economic factors. Its contribution spans the environmental and transportation sectors, supporting sustainable transit solutions.