Spatial assessment and source identification of heavy metals pollution in surface water using several chemometric techniques

• Main Authors: Azimah, Ismail, Mohd Khairul Amri, Kamarudin, Hafizan, Juahir
• Format: Article
• Language: English; English; English
• Published: Elsevier Ltd 2016
• Subjects: GE Environmental Sciences
• Online Access: http://eprints.unisza.edu.my/7206/1/FH02-ESERI-16-05728.jpg; http://eprints.unisza.edu.my/7206/2/FH02-ESERI-16-06066.jpg; http://eprints.unisza.edu.my/7206/3/FH02-ESERI-16-06090.jpg; http://eprints.unisza.edu.my/7206/

This study presents the determination of the spatial variation and source identification of heavy metals pollution in surface water along the Straits of Malacca using several chemometric techniques. Clustering and discrimination of heavy metal compounds in surface water into two groups (northern and southern regions) are observed according to level of concentrations via the application of chemometric techniques. Principal component analysis (PCA) demonstrates that Cu and Cr dominate the source apportionment in northern region with a total variance of 57.62% and is identified with mining and shipping activities. These are the major contamination contributors in the Straits. Landbased pollution originating from vehicular emission with a total variance of 59.43% is attributed to the high level of Pb concentration in the southern region. The results revealed that one state representing each cluster (northern and southern regions) is significant as the main location for investigating heavy metals concentration in the Straits of Malacca which would save monitoring cost and time.