Perioperative Fluid Therapy

• Main Author: Aye Thandar, Htun
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: 2016
• Subjects: QP Physiology; R Medicine (General)
• Online Access: http://eprints.unisza.edu.my/5497/1/FH02-FP-16-05619.pdf; http://eprints.unisza.edu.my/5497/

In perioperative medicine, fluid management is a crucial role as it can lead to one of the causes of perioperative morbidity and mortality. The aim of fluid therapy is to maintain fluid homeostasis and it can provide adequate hydration, blood volume and oxygen delivery to tissues. Perioperative fluid therapy is a medical prescription which consists of three categories such as maintenance therapy, deficit therapy and replacement therapy. To achieve a correct fluid management plan, it is necessary to understand normal fluid distribution, features of commonly used intravenous fluids, hydration status of the patient and nature of surgery. As body fluid composition is different between adults and children, fluid therapy must be based on individual patients to avoid fluid overload or underload. Fluid losses can be replaced with crystalloids or colloids until transfusion point is reached and it also depends on individual patient. Based on different case scenarios, a well-structured fluid regime should be planned after taking into account physiology, preoperative losses, intraoperative and postoperative factors.