Risk Factors For Childhood Pneumonia In North Eastern Pakistan: A Case-Control Study
Background: Pneumonia is defined as the inflammation of parenchyma of the lung. It is a substantial cause of morbidity and mortality in childhood throughout the world. The incidence of pneumonia in children under the age of five years is 0.29 episodes per child-year, which equates 151.8 million c...
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| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2016
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://eprints.unisza.edu.my/5086/1/FH02-FP-17-09619.pdf http://eprints.unisza.edu.my/5086/ |
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| Summary: | Background: Pneumonia is defined as the inflammation of parenchyma of the
lung. It is a substantial cause of morbidity and mortality in childhood throughout
the world. The incidence of pneumonia in children under the age of five years is
0.29 episodes per child-year, which equates 151.8 million cases annually in
developing countries. Objective: To determine the risk factors for complicated
pneumonia. Material and Methods: This case-control study conducted in
Medical Unit III, The Children’s Hospital & Institute of Child Health Lahore. Out
of total of 180 cases of pneumonia, 100 were labeled as complicated pneumonia
(case) and 80 were labeled as uncomplicated pneumonia (control). Complicated
pneumonia included pneumonia with associated complications. Detail history was
taken in both groups and recorded on predesigned proforma. Data was analyzed
by SPSS 20. Quantitative risk factors like child age, maternal age and father age
were analyzed by mean and standard deviation. However qualitative risk factors
like method of feeding, malnutrition, immunization, anaemia, and non-vaccination
were analyzed by applying chi-square test and finding odd ratios. Results: Most
significant risk factors associated with complicated pneumonia included younger
age, maternal and father education, rural area, malnutrition, anaemia, rickets, birth
problems, admission during neonatal life due to pneumonia, bottle feeding, nonvaccination,
referral and delayed in presentation (p <0.05). Conclusion: Important
risk factors for complicated pneumonia like malnutrition, anemia, rickets, birth
disaster, admission during neonatal life due to pneumonia, bottle feeding, nonvaccination,
referred cases and delayed in presentation can be reduced by
improving child health education and immunization. |
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