Induction of apoptosis by newcastle disease virus strains AF220 and V4-UPM in human promyelocytic leukemia (HL60) and human T- lymphoblastic leukemia (CEM -SS) Cells

• Main Authors: Siti Aishah, Abu Bakar, Abd Manaf, Ali, Madihah, Zawawi, Aini, Ideris
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: 2012
• Subjects: S Agriculture (General)
• Online Access: http://eprints.unisza.edu.my/2365/1/FH02-FPBSM-14-01240.pdf; http://eprints.unisza.edu.my/2365/

Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV), an avian paramyxovirus, is a highly contagious, generalised virus disease of domestic poultry and wild birds characterized by gastro-intestinal, respiratory and nervous signs. In this study, it was shown that NDV strain AF2240 and V4-UPM are cytolytic to Human Promyelocytic Leukemia, HL60 and Human T-lymphoblastic Leukemia, CEM-SS cells. Results from MTT cytolytic assay showed that CD50 for NDV AF2240 against HL60 was 130 HAU and NDV V4-UPM against HL60 and CEM-SS were 110.6 and 150.9 HAU respectively. Besides, both strains were found to inhibit the proliferation of cells in a dose dependent manner. The mode of cell death either by apoptosis or necrosis was further analyzed using acridine orange and propidium iodide (AO/PI) staining. Our results showed that both NDV strains induced primarily apoptosis in treated cells at CD50 concentration. In conclusion, both NDV strains caused cytolytic effects primarily via apoptosis in leukemia cells.