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A comprehensive analysis of surface electromyography for control of lower limb exoskeleton by Abdelhakim, Deboucha

“…Obviously, selecting four muscles to attain a full joint moment and motion is not sufficient, therefore we introduced the net joint moment obtained from the inverse dynamics to optimize the predicted joint moment. Initial estimate of the model is obtained from literature review while the Levenderg-Marquardt (LM) method is applied to solve the nonlinear least squares optimization problem. …”
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Investigation of relaxation factor in landweber iterative algorithm for electrical capacitance tomography by Tian, Wenbin, Ramli, Mimi Faisyalini, Yang, Wuqiang, Sun, Jiangtao

“…By simulation, it is found notably that the relaxation factor should be selected adaptively according to the sensor structure (e.g. the number of electrodes) and the permittivity distribution in capacitance measurements. …”
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Modeling and simulation of multi-plane Electrical Capacitance Tomography sensor for flow imaging by using Finite Element Analysis by Shafquet, A., Ismail, I., Jaafar, A.

“…This paper focuses on the need for field simulation in the design and analysis of multi-electrode capacitance sensors for tomographic flow imaging. …”
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MMS : mobile monitoring system using electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) by Abdul Rahim, Ruzairi, Chan, Kok Seong

“…The system however can be assembled in different diameter sizes of pipeline. and numbers of electrodes sensor can be reduced due to different size of pipeline without redesign the electrodes sensor. …”
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Neural network algorithm development for Ion Sensitive Field Effect Transistor (ISFET) sensor / Muhammad Nasrul Hakim Adenan by Adenan, Muhammad Nasrul Hakim

“…Ion Sensitive Field-Effect Transistor, which later in this paper will refer as ISFET is a kind of sensor that able to differentiate the ion by replacing the gate of the FET with electrode and the membrane. …”
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Neural network algorithm development for Ion Sensitive Field Effect Transistor (ISFET) sensor: article / Muhammad Nasrul Hakim Adenan and Maizatul Zolkapli by Hakim Adenan, Muhammad Nasrul, Zolkapli, Maizatul

“…Ion Sensitive Field-Effect Transistor, which later in this paper will refer as ISFET is a kind of sensor that able to differentiate the ion by replacing the gate of the FET with electrode and the membrane. …”
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Measurement method for erector spinae muscle activity during patient handling using inertial sensor and shoe-type force sensor by Kitagawa, Kodai, Matsumoto, Koji, Iwanaga, Kensuke, Ahmad, Siti Anom, Nagasaki, Takayuki, Nakano, Sota, Hida, Mitsumasa, Okamatsu, Shogo, Wada, Chikamune

“…Therefore, measuring muscle activity without electrodes is necessary. In this study, we propose a method for estimating erector spinae muscle activity using wearable sensors, specifically inertial and shoe-type force sensors. …”
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An improved method using fuzzy system based on hybrid boahs for phishing attack detection by Noor Syahirah, Nordin

“…Moreover, Butterfly Optimization Algorithm and Harmony Search Algorithm were combined as optimization method led to a new method named BOAHS. …”
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Parallel algorithms for numerical simulations of EHD ion-drag micropump on distributed parallel computing systems by Shakeel Ahmed, Kamboh

“…The designed algorithms are implemented for EHD equations and their performance is evaluated by using different performance indicators. …”
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An introduction of two differential excitation potentials technique in electrical capacitance tomography by Elmy Johana, Mohamad, Dr., Ruzairi, Abdul Rahim, Prof. Dr., Leow, Pei Ling, Dr., Mohd Hafiz Fazalul, Rahiman, Dr., Omar Mohd Faizan, Marwah, Nor Muzakkir, Nor Ayob, Herlina, Abdul Rahim, Dr., Fazlul Rahman, Mohd Yunus

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An introduction of two differential excitation potentials technique in electrical capacitance tomography by Mohamad, E.J., A. Rahim, R., Leow, P.L., Rahiman, M.H. Fazalul, Marwah, O.M.F., Nor Ayob, N.M., A. Rahim, H., Mohd Yunus, F.R.

“…Simulation is verified using available experimental data through the existing system, sixteen-segmented ECT sensor electrodes. …”
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An introduction of two differential excitation potentials technique in electrical capacitance tomography by Mohamad, Elmy Johana, Abdul Rahim, Ruzairi, Leow, Pei Ling, Rahiman, Mohd Hafiz Fazalul, Marwah, Omar Mohd Faizan, Nor Ayob, Nor Muzakkir, Rahim, Herlina Abdul, Mohd Yunus, F.R.

“…Simulation is verified using available experimental data through the existing system, sixteen-segmented ECT sensor electrodes. …”
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Hybrid firefly and particle swarm optimization algorithm for multi-objective optimal power flow with distributed generation by Khan, Abdullah

“…Therefore, the SMA method is redesigned for optimal location and sizing based on the total active power loss of the systems. …”
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Development of a Sensor to Detect Condensation of Super-Sonic Steam by Khan, A., Sanaullah, K., Ul Haq, N.

“…This paper explains the development and functioning of AC driven electrodes based sensor which is used for the study of condensation phenomena of steam. …”
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Sizing optimization of large-scale grid connected photovoltaic system using dolphin echolocation algorithm / Muhammad Zakyizzuddin Rosselan by Rosselan, Muhammad Zakyizzuddin

“…Later, an Iterative-based Sizing Algorithm (ISA) was developed to determine the optimal sizing solution which was later used as benchmark for sizing algorithms using optimization methods. …”
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Opposition-based Whale Optimization Algorithm by Alamri, Hammoudeh S., Alsariera, Yazan A., Kamal Z., Zamli

“…The OWOA use the Opposition-based method to enhance Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) performance. …”
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Narrowband array processing beamforming technique for electrical impedance tomography by Chitturi V., Farrukh N.

“…In this work the circular electrodes are treated as an array of sensors and beamforming technique is used to localize the object(s) in an electrical field. …”

A firefly algorithm based hybrid method for structural topology optimization by Gebremedhen, H.S., Woldemichael, D.E., Hashim, F.M.

“…In this paper, a firefly algorithm based hybrid algorithm through retaining global convergence of firefly algorithm and ability to generate connected topologies of optimality criteria (OC) method is proposed as an alternative method to solve stress-based topology optimization problems. …”
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VLSI floor planning optimization using genetic algorithm and cross entropy method / Angeline Teoh Szu Fern by Angeline Teoh, Szu Fern

“…GA is a widely used optimization algorithm based on the concept of survival of the fittest. …”
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Firefly algorithm for optimal sizing of Standalone Photovoltaic System / Nurizzati Abdul Aziz by Abdul Aziz, Nurizzati

“…Therefore, optimization methods are often used in the sizing algorithms for such systems. …”
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