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Improved normalization and standardization techniques for higher purity in K-means clustering by Dalatu, Paul Inuwa, Fitrianto, Anwar, Mustapha, Aida

“…Clustering is an unsupervised classification method with aim of partitioning, where objects in the same cluster are similar, and objects belong to different clusters vary significantly, with respect to their attributes. The K-means algorithm is a famous and fast technique in non-hierarchical cluster algorithms. …”
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JPEG Image Encryption Using Combined Reversed And Normal Direction-Distorted Dc Permutation With Key Scheduling Algorithm-Based Permutation by Abu, Ahmad Zaidee

“…It is also shown that this technique is fully format compliance as most of other techniques do. …”
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An improved recommender system based on normalization of matrix factorization and collaborative filtering algorithms by Zahid, Aafaq

“…It is concluded that the resultant hybrid techniques can perform well if the variables provided to normalization by neighborhood model (MF and CF) do not have big differences in order for the hybrid normalization model to outperform every algorithm in comparison.…”
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An alternative approach to normal parameter reduction algorithms for decision making using a soft set theory / Sani Danjuma by Sani , Danjuma

“…In addition, the algorithm was relatively easy to understand compare to the state of the art of normal parameter reduction algorithm. …”
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Text normalization algorithm for facebook chats in Hausa language by Jaafar, Zubairu Maitama, Haruna, Usman, Gambo, Abdullahi Ya'u, Thomas, Bimba Andrew, Idris, Norisma, Ya’u Gital, Abdulsalam, Abubakar, Adamu

“…It was found that our proposed algorithm was able to normalized Hausa NSWs with an accuracy of 100%. …”
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Data normalization techniques in swarm-based forecasting models for energy commodity spot price by Yusof, Yuhanis, Mustaffa, Zuriani, Kamaruddin, Siti Sakira

“…Data mining is a fundamental technique in identifying patterns from large data sets.The extracted facts and patterns contribute in various domains such as marketing, forecasting, and medical.Prior to that, data are consolidated so that the resulting mining process may be more efficient.This study investigates the effect of different data normalization techniques.which are Min-max, Z-score and decimal scaling, on Swarm-based forecasting models.Recent swarm intelligence algorithms employed includes the Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) and Artificial Bee Colony (ABC).Forecasting models are later developed to predict the daily spot price of crude oil and gasoline.Results showed that GWO works better with Z-score normalization technique while ABC produces better accuracy with the Min-Max.Nevertheless, the GWO is more superior than ABC as its model generates the highest accuracy for both crude oil and gasoline price.Such a result indicates that GWO is a promising competitor in the family of swarm intelligence algorithms.…”
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The Impact of Normalization Techniques on Performance Backpropagation Networks by Norlida, Hassan

“…This study explored several normalization techniques using backpropagation learning. …”
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Design and analysis of sequence generator module using eulerian path algorithm for DNA fragment assembly / Mustaqim Mohd Subri by Mohd Subri, Mustaqim

“…This project is to design and analysis the sequence generator module using Eulerian Path algorithm for DNA fragment assembly. Traditionally, “overlap-layoutconsensus” technique is used for DNA fragment assembly, but this technique has a problem in assembling a long sequence of DNA which a new technique needs to be used to overcome this problem. …”
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A robust technique of brain MRI classification using color features and k-nearest neighbor algorithm by Fayaz, Muhammad, Shah, Abdul Salam, Wahid, Fazli, Shah, Asadullah

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Taguchi?s T-method with Normalization-Based Binary Bat Algorithm by Marlan Z.M., Jamaludin K.R., Harudin N.

“…Therefore, a variable selection technique using a swarm-based Binary Bat algorithm is proposed. …”

Dynamic Robust Bootstrap Algorithm for Linear Model Selection Using Least Trimmed Squares by Uraibi, Hassan Sami

“…Another possibility is to apply a bootstrap technique which does not rely on the normality assumption. …”
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A new method for intermediate power point tracking for PV generator under partially shaded conditions in hybrid system by Guichi, Amar, Talha, Abdelaziz, Berkouk, El Madjid, Mekhilef, Saad, Gassab, Samir

“…This technique is based on the combination of two algorithms, the particle swarm optimization algorithm for tracking the global maximum power point, while a newly developed algorithm is used for attaining any other supervisory control set point. …”
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New approaches to normalization techniques to enhance k-means clustering algorithm by Dalatu, Paul Inuwa, Midi, Habshah

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A Comparative Study of Z-Score and Min-Max Normalization for Rainfall Classification in Pekanbaru by Rahmad Ramadhan, Laska, Anne Mudya, Yolanda

“…The objective is to compare various data normalization techniques, including Min-Max Normalization and Z-Score Normalization. …”
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Online handwritten signature recognition by length normalization using up-sampling and down-sampling by Malallah, Fahad Layth, Syed Ahmad, Sharifah Mumtazah, Wan Adnan, Wan Azizun, Arigbabu, Olasimbo Ayodeji, Iranmanesh, Vahab, Yussof, Salman

“…In this paper, we introduce an efficient algorithm for online signature length normalization by using Up-Sampling and Down-Sampling techniques. …”
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Comparing means of two non-homogeneous normal populations by Abd Rahman, Mohd Nawi

“…However, it can be attractive to many if some efficient algorithm is available. This paper intends to give an alternative approach for testing the means of two normal populations having unequal variances but whose coefficient of variations are homogeneous. …”
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Weather prediction in Kota Kinabalu using linear regressions with multiple variables by Teong, Khan Vun, Chung, Gwo Chin, Jedol Dayou

“…The root mean square error is used to compare the performance of the algorithms. The findings showed that the normal equation technique anticipates the weather with a high degree of accuracy, but the gradient descent technique predicts the low degree of accuracy.…”
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Semi-automatic cortical boundary detection / Noor Elaiza Abdul Khalid. by Abdul Khalid, Noor Elaiza

“…FPSO incorporates fuzzy edge detection technique as the initial population and the optimum membership value as the fitness function in the particle swarm optimization algorithm. …”
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Solar radiation prediction using boosted decision tree regression model: A case study in Malaysia by Jumin E., Basaruddin F.B., Yusoff Y.B.M., Latif S.D., Ahmed A.N.

Iris Recognition As Biometric Authentication by Kamaruddin, Muhammad Khairulsyamim

“…In this project, an iris recognition technique based on the John Daugman’s algorithm is used. …”
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