The current landscape of ethical Artificial Intelligence in Islam: a systematic review of recent evidence

• Main Authors: Mohd Mahudin, Nor Diana, Janon, Nazariah Shar'ie
• Format: Proceeding Paper
• Language: English
• Published: Institute of Objective Studies (IOS), New Delhi, India 2023
• Subjects: BF636 Applied psychology; BJ Ethics; BP175 Psychology of Islam; BPC Science and Technology in Islam; T173.5 Technology and Islam
• Online Access: http://irep.iium.edu.my/108052/1/ISP-SEA%202023%20Mohd%20Mahudin%20et%20al%202023.pdf; http://irep.iium.edu.my/108052/; https://www.iosworld.org/Announcements/International_Conference_on_Islamic-Spiritual_Psychology_in_South-East_Asia.html

While the Muslim world is momentarily concerned with knowledge and awareness of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and AI-related technologies, a consensus seems to have emerged that principles, guidelines, or regulations promoting ethical and responsible use of AIs are best established based upon principles of transparency, justice and fairness, non-maleficence, responsibility, and privacy. Though important, developing ethical AI with these Western-centric perspectives and values may create roadblocks in its implementation as it does not linearly relate to Islamic teachings, socio-political contexts, and ethical values. Therefore, the time is ripe to investigate what constitutes ethical AI in Islam and which ethical requirements are needed for its realisation. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA), the available literature on AI in Islam and its ethical dimensions are analysed. The findings provide a glimpse of the dynamics in the current type, content, and volume of literature on AI in Islam and its intersection with Islamic ethics and digital citizenship. As for the question of what Islamic AI ethics is, the reviewed studies tend to conceptualise it by relating the concept with tawhid, maqāṣid al-sharī’ah, al-qawāʿid al-fiqhīyah, sadd al-dharai', and falah. The study provides insights into the Islamic discourse on AI ethics, which can help people make informed, appropriate, and responsible use of digital technologies.